Physics For Civil Engineering: Unit V: Natural Disasters
Seismology
Seismograph, Construction, Working Principle, Application | Natural Disasters
The study of the seismic waves constitutes the science of seismology. It deals with earthquakes and seismic wave that move through the earth.
SEISMOLOGY
The study of the seismic waves
constitutes the science of seismology. It deals with earthquakes and seismic
wave that move through the earth.
Seismograph
A
Seismograph (or a seismometer) is an instrument used
to record the earth tremors or the seismic waves, to some dynamical function of
which, (like displacement, velocity, acceleration etc.) they respond or react.
The record of the vibrations so obtained
is called the seismogram.
Construction
& working
Generally, it consists of a mass
attached to a fixed base as shown in fig. 5.6(a)
During an earthquake, the base moves and
the mass does not. The motion of the base with respect to the mass is commonly
transformed into an electrical voltage.
The electrical voltage is recorded on
paper, magnetic tape, or another recording medioum.
This record is proportional to the
motion of the seismometer mass relative to the earth, which can be
mathematically converted to a record of the absolute motion of the ground.
Modern Application of Seismology
The development of the modern science of
seismology has application in four important fields.
(i)
Investigation of the nature of the interior of the earth
(ii)
Prospecting for oils and minerals
(iii)
Construction of quake-proof buildings
(iv)
Forecasting of the occurrence of earthquakes.
Physics For Civil Engineering: Unit V: Natural Disasters : Tag: : Seismograph, Construction, Working Principle, Application | Natural Disasters - Seismology
Physics For Civil Engineering: Unit V: Natural Disasters
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Physics for Civil Engineering
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